RESUMO: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a composição fenólica da polpa de Jussara dos Estados brasileiros de Minas Gerais (MG) e Espírito Santo (ES) usando HPLC-DAD-MS / MS. Dezessete antocianinas foram detectadas, dentre elas, derivadas de cianidina, pelargonidina e peonidina. Dentre os compostos fenólicos não antociânicos, foram identificados flavonóis (derivados de caempferol, quercetina e isorhamnetina), flavan-3-ols (catequina, epicatequina, procianidinas do tipo B e dímeros desconhecidos) e resveratrol em sua forma glicosilada. Catequina (32,41-60,56 mg 100g-1) e epicatequina (18,86-40,92 mg 100g-1) foram os principais flavan-3-óis presentes nas frutas. As amostras apresentaram pequenas concentrações de glicosídeos resveratrol (0,02-0,91 mg 100g-1). A metodologia analítica utilizada (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS / MS) permitiu a identificação de novos compostos relatados presentes na composição da polpa de Jussara.

ABSTRACT: This research assessed the phenolic composition of Jussara pulp from the Brazilian states of Minas Gerais (MG) and Espírito Santo (ES) using HPLC-DAD-MS/MS. Seventeen anthocyanins were detected in fruits, derived from cyanidin, pelargonidin and peonidin. Among the non-anthocyanic phenolic compounds, flavonols (kaempferol, quercetin and isorhamnetin derivatives), flavan-3-ols (catechin, epicatechin, B-type procyanidins and unknown dimers) and resveratrol in its glycosylated form have been identified. Catechin (32.41-60.56 mg 100g-1) and epicatechin (18.86-40.92 mg 100g-1) were the main flavan-3-ols present in the fruits. The samples showed small concentrations of resveratrol glycosides (0.02-0.91 mg 100g-1). The analytical methodology used (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS) permitted the identification of newly reported compounds in this fruit.

Total phenolic compounds (TPC) extraction from the seed and total monomeric anthocyanins (TMA) extraction from the skin of “Sabará” jabuticaba were optimized with simplex lattice designs for solvent mixing, and the extraction time was optimized by univariate design. The optimum conditions for the extraction method were ethanol:water (60:40 v/v) solvent for TPC (seed) and methanol:water:acetic acid (80:20:0.5 v/v/v) solvent for TMA (skin). For both compound groups, the optimum extraction time was 30 min. The TMA yield for the skin of the “Sabará” variety was 1172.16 mg cyanidin-3-glycoside equivalents per 100 g freeze-dried sample, and for TPC in the seed, it was 86.50 mg gallic acid equivalents per 1 g freeze-dried sample. Both optimized extraction protocols proved to be extremely fast, simple, inexpensive and to have excellent extraction performance. The optimized protocols were compared with two other methods described in the literature and they were also applied to study the TMA contents in skin and the TPC contents in seed of five other varieties of jabuticaba, harvested in 2014 and 2015.